客家话, Hak-kâ-ngî
Hakka
ChinatownCommunity Profile: Most Chinese speakers in the city, from the first half of the 19th century until the second half of the 20th, spoke southern Chinese varieties, notably forms of Taishanese and Cantonese, but significant numbers of speakers of northern Chinese varieties, including official Mandarin, began arriving especially after the Second World War. Many were from Taiwan and established a community in and around Flushing, where other Chinese immigrants from all over gradually joined them. Today, with the largest Chinese population outside of Asia, the city is home to an extraordinary variety of Sinitic (Chinese) languages even beyond the most widely spoken (Mandarin, Cantonese, Fujianese, Taishanese, Wenzhounese, Hakka). Some represent distinct but related varieties of these (e.g. Northern Fujianese, Taiwanese, Teochew, and Hainanese are all part of the Min group, with the Fuzhou variety of Fujianese by far the most common in New York) but others are highly distinct. Reports about other smaller Chinese languages communities in the city are scarce, but within the Mandarin subgroup there seem to be substantial numbers of speakers of Northeastern Mandarin and Sichuanese, and within the Wu subgroup substantial numbers of speakers of Shanghainese and Changzhounese. There are an unknown number of speakers of Gan (Jiangxi) and Xiang (Hunan) and probably many other varieties, likely not living as distinct communities, but within a larger Chinese matrix where Mandarin (as in China itself) is increasingly the lingua franca and valorized standard.
T
he Hakka are a subgroup of Han Chinese people from southern China but claiming origins in Northern and Central China, resulting in a language that shares elements of Northern Chinese varieties combined with sustained Cantonese influence. The Hakka presence in New York dates back at least to the late 19th century, but a much larger wave came after immigration reform in the 1960s. While the number of Hakka people worldwide is around 80 million, fewer actually speak the Hakka language today, with many having switched to Cantonese or local languages through assimilation both in China and in diaspora. Hakka organizations like Flushing's Hakka Alliance are attempting to reorient the community to Hakka culture and language.
Note that the language above may be used throughout the New York area — this is just one significant site.